Water Quality

Chemical, physical, microbiological water properties, water-licence criteria

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NWT Diamonds Project Description Report (BHP Billiton, January 1994)
~1994Regulatory Filing
Approximate date — inferred from filename
BHP Minerals Canada Ltd. submitted a comprehensive project description report for the proposed NWT Diamonds Project, a large-scale diamond mining operation located 300 km northeast of Yellowknife in the Coppermine River basin. The report details mining plans for three kimberlite pipes (Koala, Fox, and Leslie), processing methods, infrastructure development, and environmental management strategies including tailings storage in Long Lake and mitigation measures for impacts on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Development Plans Exploration Waste Rock Closure & Reclamation
Baseline Environmental Study Protocols, NWT Diamonds Project (BHP Billiton, October 1993)
1 October 1993Report
BHP Minerals Canada Ltd. submitted comprehensive baseline environmental study protocols to the Regional Environmental Review Committee in October 1993 for the NWT Diamonds Project located near Yellowknife. The document outlines protocols for biophysical sampling programs including climate, hydrology, water quality, aquatic ecology, fisheries, soils, permafrost, vegetation, wildlife, heritage resources, and socioeconomic studies to establish environmental baseline conditions in anticipation of potential full-scale mining development at the Koala and Fox kimberlite pipes.
Monitoring Development Plans Water Quality
Northwest Territories Waters Regulations, SOR/93-303 (DIAND, June 1993)
8 June 1993Report
This regulation establishes the Northwest Territories Waters Regulations, replacing the Northern Inland Waters Regulations, and sets out comprehensive licensing criteria, fees, and application procedures for water use and waste deposit across various undertaking types including industrial, mining, municipal, power, agricultural, conservation, and recreational activities.
Regulatory Water Licence Wastewater
Relocation of Major Ions in Snow along the Tundra-Taiga Ecotone (J.W. Pomeroy et al., 1993)
22 February 1993Report
This research paper examines the spatial distribution and relocation of major ions in seasonal snowcover along the tundra-taiga ecotone near Inuvik, Northwest Territories, demonstrating that ion concentrations vary significantly by landscape type due to snow redistribution, temperature-gradient metamorphism, aerosol deposition, and photochemical processes. The study shows that while sulfate scales linearly with snow accumulation, sea-salt and calcium ions are enriched through dry deposition and aerosol scavenging mechanisms, with nitrate undergoing vaporization loss, resulting in a useful landscape-stratification method for extrapolating Arctic snow chemistry measurements across larger regions.
Monitoring Air Quality Water Quality Traditional Knowledge
Various Research Reference Binder, Table of Contents (IEMA, 2002)
~1993–2002Report
A comprehensive research binder containing bibliographic references and materials organized into four tabs covering air quality studies, aquatic research, wildlife monitoring, and miscellaneous environmental topics related to the Ekati Diamond Mine region in the Northwest Territories.
Monitoring Aquatics Wildlife Waste Rock
Snow Atmosphere Interactions in Arctic Snowpacks, Net Fluxes of NO3, SO4 and Influence of Solar Radiation (H.G. Jones, INRS-Eau, 1993)
~1993Report
Approximate date — inferred from filename
This conference paper presents field experiments conducted in April 1992 near Inuvik, Canada, investigating net fluxes of nitrate and sulfate between arctic snow surfaces and the atmosphere, with particular focus on the influence of solar radiation. Results show solar radiation had no significant effect on NO3 and SO4 exchange, while sulfate exhibited dry deposition in the second experiment with a calculated deposition velocity of 0.09 cm s⁻¹.
Air Quality Monitoring Water Quality Particulate Matter
Impact of Heterogeneous Flow Paths on Snowmelt Runoff Chemistry (National Hydrology Research Institute, 1993)
~1993Report
Approximate date — inferred from filename
Field experiments near Inuvik, NWT measured spatial and temporal variations in snowmelt runoff chemistry across a 0.25 m² lysimeter with 16 compartments, demonstrating that solute concentration factors are inversely related to flow volume early in melt and converge as melt progresses, with implications for understanding heterogeneous flow path controls on meltwater chemistry.
Monitoring Water Quality Aquatics
Northwest Territories Waters Act & Regulations, with Water Resources Division File Listing (Government of Canada, 1992 to 1997)
23 June 1992Report
The Northwest Territories Waters Act, assented to June 23, 1992, establishes the legal framework for managing water resources in the Northwest Territories, creating the Northwest Territories Water Board to issue water use and waste deposit licences and regulate water management through type A and type B licensing systems.
Regulatory Water Licence Water Quality Environmental Agreement
Guidelines for the Discharge of Treated Municipal Wastewater in the Northwest Territories (GNWT, 1992)
~1992Report
Approximate date — inferred from filename
The Northwest Territories Water Board published guidelines for the discharge of treated municipal wastewater in the NWT, establishing effluent quality criteria and receiving water quality objectives to protect public health and environmental quality. The document specifies treatment requirements, monitoring protocols, and licensing procedures for municipal waste systems across different receiving environments including streams, rivers, lakes, estuaries, and marine waters.
Wastewater Water Quality Effluent Quality Criteria
Guidelines for the Discharge of Treated Municipal Wastewater in the Northwest Territories (NWT Water Board, 1992)
~1992Report
Approximate date — inferred from filename
The Northwest Territories Water Board's 1992 guidelines establish effluent quality standards and receiving water quality objectives for the discharge of treated municipal wastewater throughout the NWT, incorporating revised criteria based on empirical data and addressing summer/winter discharge differences, operational requirements, and site-specific considerations.
Wastewater Water Quality Effluent Quality Criteria
Canada's Fish Habitat Law (DFO, 1991)
~1991Report
Approximate date — inferred from filename
A Department of Fisheries and Oceans publication explaining Canada's Fisheries Act and its protections for fish habitat, including definitions, prohibitions, compliance obligations, enforcement powers, and penalties for harmful alterations or pollution of fish spawning, rearing, and migration areas in Canadian waters.
Fish Habitat Regulatory Aquatics
Post-Project Analysis in Environmental Impact Assessment (UN Economic Commission for Europe, 1990)
~1990Report
Approximate date — inferred from filename
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe report on post-project analysis (PPA) in environmental impact assessment, based on a task force led by Canada. The report analyzes 11 case studies from multiple countries to document approaches for using PPA to monitor project implementation, verify impact predictions, ensure compliance with conditions, and improve future EIA processes.
Monitoring Development Plans Water Quality Wildlife Closure & Reclamation
An Overview Study of the Coppermine River Basin NWT (Environment Canada, June 1988)
~1988Report
Approximate date — inferred from filename
A comprehensive overview study of surface water resources in the Coppermine River basin, Northwest Territories, examining water quantity and quality data collected by Environment Canada's Inland Waters Directorate, with analysis of hydrologic characteristics, regional context, and implications for future mineral and hydroelectric development.
Water Quality Monitoring Aquatics Regulatory
The Intrinsic Difficulty of Predicting Impacts, Lessons from the James Bay Hydro Project (Berkes, 1988)
1 January 1988Report
This academic article examines environmental impact assessment (EIA) failures and successes for the James Bay hydroelectric project in northern Quebec, analyzing six case studies of predicted and unpredicted impacts on Cree and Inuit populations. The author argues that impact prediction is intrinsically difficult due to nonequilibrium systems and identifies the need for more comprehensive ecosystem approaches, integration of social and environmental monitoring, and focus on manageable subsystems rather than linear, mechanistic assessments.
Traditional Knowledge Environmental Agreement Monitoring
Site Specific Water Quality Criteria for Fish and Aquatic Life in the Canadian Portion of the Flathead River Basin: Nitrate, Nitrite and Ammonia (D.D. MacDonald, L.E. Fidler & D. Valiela, 1987)
1 September 1987Report
This report develops site-specific water quality criteria for nitrogen compounds (nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia) in the Canadian portion of the Flathead River Basin to support fish and aquatic life and address concerns about potential impacts from proposed coal mining and oil/gas development. The criteria account for nitrogen cycling processes, physical and chemical factors affecting toxicity, and the specific life stages and species of fish present in the system.
Water Quality Aquatics Fish Habitat Regulatory
Guidelines for Tailings Impoundment in the Northwest Territories (GNWT, February 1987)
1 February 1987Report
The Northwest Territories Water Board's February 1987 guidelines provide comprehensive technical standards and procedures for designing, constructing, operating, and abandoning tailings impoundment facilities in the unique permafrost environment of the NWT, addressing site selection, design considerations specific to cold regions, construction methods, operational control, and closure planning.
Waste Rock Regulatory Closure & Reclamation
Policy for the Management of Fish Habitat (DFO, October 1986)
7 October 1986Report
This is the Department of Fisheries and Oceans' national policy for fish habitat management in Canada, presented to Parliament in October 1986. The policy establishes a framework for achieving a net gain in the productive capacity of fish habitats through conservation, restoration, and development goals, guided by a 'no net loss' principle and implemented through eight strategies including protection, compliance, integrated resource planning, research, and cooperative action.
Fish Habitat Aquatics Regulatory
Cadmium Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review (USFWS, July 1985)
1 July 1985Report
A comprehensive synoptic review of cadmium hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates documenting toxicity thresholds, bioaccumulation patterns, sublethal effects, and recommendations for environmental protection standards across freshwater and marine ecosystems.
Water Quality Aquatics Wildlife Monitoring
Surface Lease Agreement, Cluff Lake Uranium Mine and Mill (Province of Saskatchewan, September 1978)
29 September 1978Permit
Surface lease agreement between the Province of Saskatchewan and Anok Ltd. for uranium mining and milling operations on 2690.4 hectares, establishing terms for mine development, environmental protection, occupational health standards, abandonment procedures, and economic benefits for northern residents including employment quotas, training programs, and local business preferences.
Regulatory Development Plans Waste Rock Closure & Reclamation Air Quality
P.H. 020 Exhibit Binder, BHP Diamond Mine Environmental Assessment Panel Hearings (Government of Saskatchewan, February 1996)
21 September 1978Permit
Surface rights lease agreement between the Saskatchewan Crown and ANOK LTD. for uranium mining and milling operations covering 2,690.4 hectares, with provisions for environmental protection, occupational health, employment of northern residents, and local business participation.
Regulatory Development Plans Waste Rock Water Quality Closure & Reclamation

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